In 2013, the Zika virus, an arbovirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, emerged in the Pacific Islands. In 2015, the first cases of infection are detected in northwestern Brazil. In just a few months, the virus is spreading throughout the country and in the tropical zone of Latin America, causing an unprecedented epidemic and associated with a large number of neurological disorders (Guillain-Barré syndrome) and microcephaly in new -born.